A proposal of a semi-empirical method for modifying the atmospheric pressure and wind fields of tropical cyclones

The actions of wind and atmospheric pressure associated with tropical cyclones (e.g. typhoons) are considered the primary factors behind generation storm surges, though fields used in meteorological models can sometimes deviate from observations. To improve these, direct modification method (DMM) has been previously proposed, this only modifies field a typhoon, further development is necessary for applying it to surge hindcasts. present work describes semi-empirical gradient balance-based (GWB-M) modifying both models, based on dynamic relationship between typhoons (i.e. balance). applicability GWB-M was assessed through hindcast Typhoon Faxai 2019, which generated powerful waves at Tokyo Bay. improved time series 10 m speed sea level pressure, their spatial distributions being more realistic than those DMM blending parametric typhoon (BM), cannot take into account influence complex topography around Further, maximum anomalies after made landfall were also captured by higher accuracy DMM.